Flashcard Set
5 questions in this set
StatPearls-based PMHNP board certification quiz covering pharmacology, diagnosis, and clinical management across psychiatric disorders. Click each question to reveal the answer, or use the interactive study mode above for full flip-card practice with tracking.
Q1
Which antipsychotic has the highest risk of metabolic syndrome?
Clozapine and olanzapine have the highest risk of metabolic syndrome, including weight gain, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Regular monitoring of metabolic parameters is required.
Q2
What is the mechanism of action of lithium?
Lithium's exact mechanism is not fully understood but involves modulation of neurotransmitter systems, inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), and effects on intracellular signaling pathways.
Q3
What is the therapeutic range for lithium?
Acute treatment: 0.8-1.2 mEq/L. Maintenance: 0.6-1.0 mEq/L. Levels >1.5 mEq/L carry toxicity risk. Monitor renal function, thyroid, and calcium.
Q4
What is tardive dyskinesia and how is it treated?
TD is a late-onset movement disorder from prolonged antipsychotic use — involuntary, repetitive movements especially of the face/mouth. Treat with VMAT2 inhibitors (valbenazine, deutetrabenazine) or switching to clozapine.
Q5
What is the first-line treatment for ADHD in adults?
Stimulant medications (amphetamine salts or methylphenidate) are first-line. For those with substance use history or cardiovascular concerns, non-stimulants (atomoxetine, bupropion, viloxazine) are considered.
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